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There is exactly one value of $x$ for which the distance from $(5,6)$ to $(3x-1,ax+5)$ is $4$. If $a \neq 0,$ what is $a$?

 Aug 26, 2023
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The distance between two points (x1,y1) and (x2,y2) in the Cartesian plane is given by the distance formula:

d=(x2x1)2+(y2y1)2.

In this case, we are given the points (x1,y1)=(5,6) and (x2,y2)=(3x1,ax+5), and we know that the distance d is 4:

4=(3x15)2+(ax+56)2.

Simplify inside the square root:

16=(3x6)2+(ax1)2.

Expand:

16=9x236x+36+a2x22ax+1.

Combine like terms:

16=(9+a2)x2(36+2a)x+37.

Now, we want to find the value of a for which there is exactly one value of x that satisfies this equation. For there to be exactly one solution, the quadratic equation must have a discriminant of 0:

(36+2a)24(9+a2)(37)=0.

Simplify and solve for a:

1296+288a+4a213324a2=0.

Simplify:

288a36=0.

Solve for a:

a=36288=18.

Therefore, the value of a is 18.

 Aug 26, 2023

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