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Let f(x)=xx1. Then there exist unique real numbers p,q, and r such that

 

f(5x)=pf(x)+qrf(x)+1.

 

Find p+q+r.

 Oct 4, 2022
 #1
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+3

Hi proyaop!

f(x)=xx1

 

So: f(5x)=5x5x1

Now equate the given with this:
That is, 

5x5x1=pf(x)+qrf(x)+1

But, we know f(x):

5x5x1=p(xx1)+qr(xx1)+1

Multiply the right with (x-1)/(x-1):

5x5x1=px+q(x1)rx+(x1)

Expand and equate.

5x5x1=(p+q)xq(r+1)x1

Well by comparing we get:

 p+q=5q=0r+1=5

Hence, p=5,q=0,r=4

So, p+q+r=5+0+4=9

I hope this helps!

 Oct 5, 2022
 #3
avatar+1633 
+1

Thanks guest, you have a much smarter way of algebraically solving it --- I just plugged in random values of x and hoped for the best...

proyaop  Oct 5, 2022
 #4
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+1

Actually, your idea also is pretty neat! I learnt something from it :D!

Guest Oct 5, 2022
 #2
avatar+1633 
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I got it! The answer is 9!

 

How I did it:

First I plugged in x as 0, f(0) = 0 / -1 = 0

(0p + q)/(0r + 1) = f(5 * 0) = 0 => q/1 = 0 => q = 0

Next I plugged in x as -1, f(-1) = 1/2

(p/2 + 0)/(r/2 + 1) = f(-5) = 5/6

p/(r + 2) = 5/6

6p = 5r + 10  (1)

Next I plugged in x as -2, f(-2) = 2/3

(2p/3)/(2r/3 + 1) = f(-10) = 10/11

2p/(2r + 3) = 10/11

22p = 20r + 30

11p = 10r + 15   (2)

Take equation (1) and multiply by 2 => 12p = 10r + 20 (1b)

Take equation 1b - equation 2 => p = 5

Plug it back into equation 1 => 30 = 5r + 10 => r = 4

p + q + r = 5 + 0 + 4 = 9

 Oct 5, 2022

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