At my office, 16 people own cats, 17 people own dogs, and 8 people own both cats and dogs. How many people own a cat or a dog?
(Remember that in mathematics, the word "or" is used in the inclusive sense. So if you own both a cat and a dog, then you are included in the category of people "who own a cat or a dog".)
(Total Number of People Who Own Cats or Dogs) =
(Number of People Who Own Cats)
+ (Number of People Who Own Dogs)
- (Number of People Who Own Both Cats and Dogs)
= 16 + 17 - 8 = 25