What are the coefficients in the expansion of the following expression at x=0: (1 + x)^(-2) and how are they calculated?
Thank you for help.
The most straightforward way to do this is to just do the division.
It's hard to show the process of long division on here.
1(1+x)2=11+2x+x2
and just set this up as a usual long division, if you go through it a few steps you'll see it's
11+2x+x2=1−2x+3x2−4x3+5x4⋯+(−1)k(k+1)xk, ∀k≥0
hrm.. there might be another way to approach it that's pretty straightforward
∞∑k=0 xk=11−x
11+x=11−(−x)
11−(−x)=∞∑k=0 (−1)kxk
ddx 11+x=−1(1+x)2
1(1+x)2=−ddx(∞∑k=0 (−1)kxk)=−(∞∑k=1 (−1)kkxk−1)=∞∑k=0 (−1)k(k+1)xk